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Home / What New Idea Did Patrick Henry Bring to the First Continental Congress

What New Idea Did Patrick Henry Bring to the First Continental Congress

1774 meeting of delegates from twelve British colonies of what would become the United States

First Continental Congress
Coat of arms or logo
Type
Blazon

Unicameral
History
Established September 5, 1774
Disbanded October 26, 1774
Preceded by Stamp Act Congress
Succeeded by Second Continental Congress
Leadership

President

Peyton Randolph
  (through October 22, 1774)
Henry Middleton

Secretarial assistant

Charles Thomson

Seats 56 from 12 of the thirteen colonies
Meeting place
CarpentersHall00.jpg
Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia

The First Continental Congress was a meeting of delegates from 12 of the xiii British colonies that became the U.s.a.. It met from September 5 to October 26, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, after the British Navy instituted a occludent of Boston Harbor and Parliament passed the punitive Intolerable Acts in response to the December 1773 Boston Tea Party.[1] During the opening weeks of the Congress, the delegates conducted a spirited give-and-take about how the colonies could collectively answer to the British government'due south coercive actions, and they worked to make a common cause.

A plan was proposed to create a Marriage of Great Uk and the Colonies, but the delegates rejected information technology. They ultimately agreed in the Continental Clan to impose an economic cold-shoulder on British merchandise, and they drew upward a Petition to the Male monarch pleading for redress of their grievances and repeal of the Intolerable Acts. That entreatment had no issue, so the colonies convened the 2nd Continental Congress the following May, shortly subsequently the battles of Lexington and Concord, to organize the defence force of the colonies at the start of the Revolutionary War. The delegates also urged each colony to set up and railroad train its own militia.

Convention

The Congress met from September 5 to October 26, 1774, in Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia; delegates from 12 British colonies participated. They were elected by the people of the various colonies, the colonial legislature, or past the Commission of Correspondence of a colony.[2] Loyalist sentiments outweighed Patriot views in Georgia, and that colony did not join the crusade until the following yr.[three]

Peyton Randolph was elected as president of the Congress on the opening solar day, and he served through October 22 when ill health forced him to retire, and Henry Middleton was elected in his place for the balance of the session. Charles Thomson, leader of the Philadelphia Commission of Correspondence, was selected as the congressional secretary.[iv] The rules adopted past the delegates were designed to baby-sit the equality of participants and to promote free-flowing debate.[two]

Every bit the deliberations progressed, it became clear that those in attendance were not of one mind concerning why they were in that location. Conservatives such equally Joseph Galloway, John Dickinson, John Jay, and Edward Rutledge believed their task to be forging policies to pressure Parliament to rescind its unreasonable acts. Their ultimate goal was to develop a reasonable solution to the difficulties and bring about reconciliation between the Colonies and Peachy Uk. Others such as Patrick Henry, Roger Sherman, Samuel Adams, and John Adams believed their task to be developing a decisive statement of the rights and liberties of the Colonies. Their ultimate goal was to end what they felt to be the abuses of parliamentary authority and to retain their rights, which had been guaranteed under Colonial charters and the English language constitution.[v]

Roger Sherman denied the legislative authority of Parliament, and Patrick Henry believed that the Congress needed to develop a completely new system of government, independent from Great Britain, for the existing Colonial governments were already dissolved.[6] In contrast to these ideas, Joseph Galloway put forrard a "Plan of Union" which suggested that an American legislative body should be formed with some authority, whose consent would be required for imperial measures.[6] [7]

Annunciation and Resolves

In the cease, the voices of compromise carried the day. Rather than calling for independence, the Start Continental Congress passed and signed the Continental Association in its Declaration and Resolves, which chosen for a boycott of British goods to take effect in December 1774. After Congress signed on October xx, 1774 embracing non exportation they as well planned nonimportation of slaves beginning December 1, which would have abolished the slave trade in the United States of America 33 years before it actually ended.[8]

Accomplishments

The primary accomplishment of the Starting time Continental Congress was a compact among the colonies to boycott British appurtenances beginning on December 1, 1774, unless parliament should rescind the Intolerable Acts.[9] While delegates convened in the First Continental Congress, l-one women in Edenton, North Carolina formed their own association (now referred to equally the Edenton Tea Party) in response to the Intolerable Acts that focused on producing appurtenances for the colonies.[10] Additionally, Great Britain's colonies in the West Indies were threatened with a boycott unless they agreed to non-importation of British goods.[xi] Imports from Britain dropped past 97 percent in 1775, compared with the previous year.[nine] Committees of observation and inspection were to be formed in each Colony to ensure compliance with the boycott. It was further agreed that if the Intolerable Acts were not repealed, the colonies would also cease exports to Britain after September 10, 1775.[9]

The Houses of Assembly of each participating colony approved the proceedings of the Congress, with the exception of New York.[12] The boycott was successfully implemented, but its potential for altering British colonial policy was cut off by the outbreak of hostilities in April 1775.

Congress also voted to run across once again the following year if their grievances were not addressed satisfactorily. Anticipating that there would exist cause to convene a second congress, delegates resolved to send messages of invitation to those colonies that had non joined them in Philadelphia, including: Quebec, Saint John'south Island, Nova Scotia, Georgia, East Florida, and West Florida.[13] Of these, merely Georgia would ultimately transport delegates to the next Congress.

List of delegates

Colony Name
New Hampshire Nathaniel Folsom; John Sullivan
Massachusetts Bay John Adams;[A] Samuel Adams; Thomas Cushing; Robert Treat Paine
Rhode Island Stephen Hopkins; Samuel Ward
Connecticut Silas Deane; Eliphalet Dyer; Roger Sherman
New York John Alsop;[B] Simon Boerum; James Duane;[B] William Floyd;[C] John Haring;[D] John Jay;[B] [E] Philip Livingston;[B] Isaac Low;[B] [F] Henry Wisner[D]
New Jersey Stephen Crane; John De Hart; James Kinsey; William Livingston; Richard Smith
Pennsylvania Edward Biddle; John Dickinson; Joseph Galloway;[F] Charles Humphreys; Thomas Mifflin; John Morton; Samuel Rhoads; George Ross
Delaware Thomas McKean; George Read; Caesar Rodney
Maryland Samuel Chase; Robert Goldsborough; Thomas Johnson; William Paca; Matthew Tilghman
Virginia Richard Banal; Benjamin Harrison; Patrick Henry; Richard Henry Lee; Edmund Pendleton; Peyton Randolph;[Grand] George Washington[A]
Due north Carolina Richard Caswell; Joseph Hewes; William Hooper
Due south Carolina Christopher Gadsden; Thomas Lynch Jr.; Henry Middleton;[M] Edward Rutledge; John Rutledge[E]
Source:[2]

Gallery

Run into besides

  • American Revolutionary War#Prelude to revolution
  • Founding Fathers of the U.s.
  • List of delegates to the Continental Congress
  • Papers of the Continental Congress

Notes

  1. ^ a b Future U.Southward. president.[14]
  2. ^ a b c d e Appointed past the Committee of Fifty-i of the metropolis and county of New York and authorized by the counties of Albany, Duchess, and Westchester.
  3. ^ For Suffolk County.
  4. ^ a b Appointed by the full general coming together of all the committees of Orange County.
  5. ^ a b Time to come U.S. Supreme Courtroom chief justice.[14]
  6. ^ a b Ultimately became a loyalist.
  7. ^ a b Served equally president of the Congress.

References

  1. ^ Stathis, Stephen (2014). Landmark Legislation 1774–2012: Major U.S. Acts and Treaties. 2300 N Street, NW, Suite 800, Washington DC 20037 United States: CQ Press. pp. one–ii. doi:10.4135/9781452292281.n1. ISBN978-i-4522-9230-4. {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  2. ^ a b c "First Continental Congress: Proceedings of the Outset Continental Congress". ushistory.org. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Independence Hall Association. Retrieved Apr 30, 2019.
  3. ^ Cashin, Edward J. (March 26, 2005). "Revolutionary War in Georgia". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Georgia Humanities and the University of Georgia Press. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
  4. ^ Risjord, Norman K. (2002). Jefferson's America, 1760–1815. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 114.
  5. ^ McLaughlin, Andrew C. (1936). "A constitutional History of the U.s.a.". New York, London: D. Appleton-Century Company. pp. 83–xc. Retrieved August 27, 2014.
  6. ^ a b Greene, Evarts Boutell (1922). The Foundations of American Nationality. American Volume Visitor. p. 434.
  7. ^ Miller, Marion Mills (1913). Great Debates in American Hist: From the Debates in the British Parliament on the Colonial Stamp. Electric current Literature Pub. Co. p. 91.
  8. ^ Lynd, Staughton; Waldstreicher, David (2011). "Costless Merchandise, Sovereignty, and Slavery: Toward an Economic Interpretation of American Independence". The William and Mary Quarterly. 68 (4): 597–630. ISSN 0043-5597.
  9. ^ a b c Kramnick, Isaac (ed); Thomas Paine (1982). Common Sense. Penguin Classics. p. 21. {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Women in the American Revolution : gender, politics, and the domestic world. Barbara Oberg. Charlottesville. 2019. ISBN978-0-8139-4260-5. OCLC 1091235010. {{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  11. ^ Ketchum, p. 262.
  12. ^ Launitz-Schurer p. 144.
  13. ^ Frothingham, Richard (1872). The Ascension of the Republic of the Usa. Boston, Massachusetts: Little, Brown, and Company. pp. 375–376. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
  14. ^ a b "Continental Congress". A&E Television Networks. October 3, 2018 [Originally published February 4, 2010]. Retrieved April 30, 2019.

Sources

  • Bancroft, George. History of the U.s.a. of America, from the discovery of the American continent. (1854–78), vol 4–10 online edition
  • Burnett, Edmund C. (1975) [1941]. The Continental Congress. Greenwood Publishing. ISBN0-8371-8386-three.
  • Henderson, H. James (2002) [1974]. Party Politics in the Continental Congress. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN0-8191-6525-5.
  • Launitz-Schurer, Loyal Whigs and Revolutionaries, The making of the revolution in New York, 1765-1776, 1980, ISBN 0-8147-4994-1
  • Ketchum, Richard, Divided Loyalties, How the American Revolution came to New York, 2002, ISBN 0-8050-6120-vii
  • Miller, John C. Origins of the American Revolution (1943) online edition
  • Puls, Marking, Samuel Adams, father of the American Revolution, 2006, ISBN 1-4039-7582-5
  • Montross, Lynn (1970) [1950]. The Reluctant Rebels; the Story of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789 . Barnes & Noble. ISBN0-389-03973-X.
  • Peter Forcefulness, ed. American Archives, 9 vol 1837–1853, major compilation of documents 1774–1776. online edition

External links

cunninghamintion.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Continental_Congress